Cop tube or yarn support



Dec. 7, 1943. M, A, GQLDMAN 2,336,086

COP-TUBE OR YARN-SUPPORT Filed May 15, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 bieldof: 75 6 m ozaufy-S:

Dec. 7, 1943. M. A. GOLDMAN COP-TUBE 0R YARN-SUPPORT Filed May 15, 19422 Shets-Sheet 2 ture and uses of the material.

Patented 7,1943

Maurice A. Goldman, New Brunswick, N.

signor, by mesne assignments, to Franklin Process Company, Pro tion ofRhode Island vidence, R. 1., a corpora- Application May'l5, 1942, SerialNo. 443,155

' '1 Claims. (01. 242-122) This invention relates to improvements incoptubes or yarn-carriers for supporting packages of thread, yarn andsimilar attenuated materials during the processes of dyeing. oxidizing,mordanting, bleaching, steaming, scouring, washing,

and other like treatment, and in subsequent transferring operationsrelated to the manufac- One object of the invention is to provide aporous, non-collapsible tube on which the yarn or' the like may be woundin the form of a cylindrical or conical-package in such manner as to beretained in its original shape for submission to dyeing; or similar wettreatment and from which the yarn may be unwound subsequently to deliverit to various manufacturing processes.

A particular object of the improvement is to I provide a cop-tube'of thetype specified which is yieldingly contractible or compressible in thedirection of its axis so that the cops or packages wound thereon may beplaced end-for-end on a perforated standpipe or stringer and compressedin the dyeing chamber to bring the mass of yarn to substantiallyuniformdensity and prevent escape of the dye-liquor or other fluidbetween the ends of the packages when it is forced through the standpipeunderpressure.

Another object of .the improvement which distin ishes th resent co -tubefrom articles 0 gu e p p Fig. 5 shows another form of cop-tube havingsimilar type is to provide a ing structure for the wall of the tubeconstructed of fibrous material, for exampl vegetable fiber, impregnatedand coated with a plastic or the like to give it the required radialrigidity to prevent its collapse and sufficient resiliency to adapt itfor longitudinal contraction.

Another object of the improvement is to prof Another object of theimprovement is to provide a cop-tube off the type indicated having avlight-weight support-' framework tube.

Another object of the improvement is to provide a cop-tube of the typeindicated comprising a fibrous frameworkin the form of a helix with thefibrous material impregnated and coated with a resin or other. suitablematerial to provide a tubular structure capable of supportinsa poroussleeve or envelope either on its interior or exterior.

Another object of the improvement is to pro- 'vide an improved cop-tubeor the likehaving a helical ribbed framework which can be. handled andtransported in multiple; without becoming tangled or interlocked, onewith another.

Further objects of the improvement are set forth in the followingspecification which describes several preferred forms of construction oftheinvention as illustrated by the accompany- 'ing drawings. In

Fig. 1 is a view of one form of the present i'mthe drawings:

proved cop-tube illustrating in section a cop or package of yarn woundthereon;

Fig. 2 is an end view of the tube;

Fig. 3 is a view of a tube similar to that illustrated in Fig. 1 showingthe longitudinal strands or strips applied to the outside instead of theinside of the helical ribbed framework;

Fig. 4 is an end view of the same;

a reticulated fabric sleeve cemented to the inside of the helicalframework; l

Fig. 6 is an end view of the same;

t Fig. 7 is a view of another form of the cop tube showing the fabricsleeve enclosing the helical framework;

vide a cop-tube of the type indicated comprising or otherwise skeletonstructure constructed of fiber and impregnated and coated ribbedframework of fibrous organic material treated with a phenol or ureaformaldehyde resin and resistant to axial distortion yet adapted forlongitudinal contraction.

Another object of the improvement is to.provide a cop-tube of the typeindicated comprising a skeleton ribbed framework of fiber impregnatedand coated with a plastic or thelike and having longitudinal strips offiber cemented to' the ribbed Fig. 8 is an end'view of the same;

Fig. 9 is a view of another modified form of the tube showing a porouspaper sleeve fastened to the interior of the helical framework;

Fig. 10 is an end view of the same;

Fig. ll is a view of a still further modified.

form of the cop-tube showing the pervious paper sleeve or envelopeenclosing the helical framework: and Y r Fig. 12 is an end view of thesame. i

In accordance with the'present practice of dyeing and otherwise treatingtextile materials in conform the yarn or other strand material is woundon porous longitudinally-contractible .tubes and a plurality of thepackage'sa'ssembled in stacks on'standpipes in a kier or other vessel.The packages are compressed longitudinally in the stacks to adapt thliquid, to be forced through their tube t penetrate and permeate eitheron the inside or outside of the the mass of material supported thereonand. in some cases, to provide for the reverse process of forcing theliquid through from the outside of the packages to exhaust through theinterior of the tubes. 7

The above-described method of dyeing and similarly treating textilematerials in packages of relatively large bulk is described in UnitedStates Letters Patent No. 1,052,817 to J. C. Heb- -den and F. H Danielldated February 11, 1913';

and the preferred form of contractible cop-tube generally employed inthis process is illustrated and described in Reissue Patent No.13.223130 F. H.Daniel1 dated March 28, 1911. This latter type ofcop-tube comprises a helical coil or spring of either round or flat wiresupporting an enclosing sleeve of reticulated fabric, such as a woven orknitted stocking, so-called, to serve as the core or support for theyarn wound thereon, preierably in the form of a cylindrical package. lhewire coil or spring must be made of stainless steel or othernon-corrosive metal and at the present time such materials arediificult, if not impossible, to obtain since they are consideredcritical in the present emergency. Moreover, steel or other metal ofthis type is of relatively high cost and it is one object of the presentinvention to provide a cop-tube-having a supporting structure made fromless expensive material and at the same time one which is relativelylight in weight so as not to add to the weight or the packages when thedyed thread or yarn is shipped on the tubes irom the dyeing plant toweaving, knitting and other mills to be manufactured intofabrics. Wherethe metal spring is used and the yarn shipped from a dyeing plant foruse in mills at a distance therefrom, the cop-tubes are usually returnedto the plant in which the material is dyed or processed for furtherrepeated use and this involves additional cost of. transportation. It isthereiore an object or the present invention to provide a cop-tube oithe present type which is oi relatively light weight to reduce the costof shipping the yarn wound thereon and the return of: the tubes, butwhich is nevertheless not subject to disintegration or destruction fromrepeated use over long periods. In accordance with my invention thepresent improved cop-tube may comprise a framework constructed offibrous or ganic material, for example, textile fiber in the nature ofcotton roving or sliver, impregnated and coated with a suitablehard-setting plastic, for example, phenol formaldehyde resin known bythe trade-name Bakelite.

In order that the yarn wound on the-c-op-tube may have a substantiallycontinuous support lengthwise thereof I prefer to apply a series oflongitudinal strips or strands of the fibrousmaterlal to either theinside or outside of the coil of treated fiber with the longitudinalstrands cemerited to the coils of the framework in spaced relationshiptherearound to provide openings for rendering the structure-porous orpervious to the flow or liquid or gas through the interstices.

Fig. 1 illustrates a cop-tube it or this last-mom tioned form with apackage P of yarn wound thereon as shown in section taken in a planecommon to the axis of the made long enough to extend the package P toprevent the coils of yarn from overrunnlng or falling down across itsterminal portions, but it will be understood that when a series ofpackages are placed end-to-end and assembled on a standplpe in thedyeing kier the tubes will be compressed and contracted wit 2-1 tube.The tube ii is beyond the ends or essence the confines of the yarn mass.As illustrated in Fig. 1, the supporting structure or framework oi thecop-tube 3' may comprise a helical coil s of substantially twenty turnsbut this number is arbitrary and may be varied at will. Longitudinalstrands or strips of fibrous material 5 are supported by the helicalframework to extend in spaced-apart relationship therearound, see Fig.2. In the form of the invention illustrated in Fig. l the longitudinalstrands 5 form a porous wall within the confines of the helical coil 3,being cemented thereto at the crossing points.

In constructing a tube of this type the longi tudinal strands 5 may besupported initially on a cylindrical arbor or mandrel and the helicalframework applied thereto by coiling the fibrous strand t therearound.The leading end of the strand l may be fastened by looping it around thefirst turn in a bight or knot as shown at ii in Fig. l; and thefinishing end of the coil may be secured in like manner or by merelytucking it in under the last turn of the coil. In either case theplastic or other cementitious coating material will cause the terminalportion ofthe coil to be bonded to the end turn or the strand t toprevent the coil from unwinding. As one satisfactory method of formingthe structure, the strand 6 may consist of textile roving having aslight twist and impregnated and coated with a. hard-setting plasticsuch as previously referred to. The coating compound applied in a liquidstate remains sticky or tacky while the strand t is coiled about thelongitudinal strands i and the coating penetrates these longitudinalstrands to some extent at the crossing points to cement and securelybond them to the helical turns of the strip d.

When the coating material is dried and hardened it bonds together thefibers in the strip :3 and reinforces the helical coil to render itssuhstam. tially rigid or non-collapsible radially of the tube. Thereinforcement of the fibrous strand 3 with the plastic or other compoundalso renders the framework resistant to arlal distortion, at the sometime imparts sumcient resilience there to to permit the tube to becontracted longitudireally of its axis when used in dyeing or other wetprocesses. The yarn is supported on the tube 3 oy the longitudinalstrands without n drawn into the spaces between the coils of theframework it so that after the dyeing or other process the yarn may heimwcund down to the last coils without undue restriction. When thepackages are placed end to end on a perforated standpipe or stringer andthe whole mass of cm compressed longitudinally the ends of the tubes 8 Iwill telescope within the confines of the several packages so that theyarn thereon is combined into one continuous mass of substantially uniform density throughout the length or the staclr.

When the packages are removed from the standplpe or stringer after thedyeing or other process the tubes will expand beyond the ends of thepackage to prevent the yarn therein from being disarranged or the coilsthereof from being displaced to'fall over the endscf the tube; COR"sequently, the packages will remain substantially. in their originalform to adapt them for dellverlng the yarn to various processes ofmanufaeture in the textile and other arts.

Figs. 3 and i of the present drawings illustrate a modified form ofconstruction of the cop-tube in which the longitudinal strands 5 aresuperimposed on the outside of the helical framework 43. That is to say,the strands B are spaced around the circumference of the coil 6 andcemented l extending through the in the structure of constructed offiber vention; may

' bags. This type of paper has aseaose thereto, thus providing astraight smooth sur-' face for supportingthe yarn in the package woundon the tube. In other respects the construction of the tube issubstantially the same as that illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 anddescribed in connection therewith.

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate still another modification in the form ofconstruction of the cop-tube consisting in the use of a reticulatedfabric sleeve coil 4 and cemented thereto to form a substantiallyintegral structure therewith.

Figs. 7 and 8 show a still further modification the tube in which thefabric sleeve or stocking I0 is drawn over the exterior of thesupporting framework or coil 4 which is with a plastic or the like as inthe case of the previously-described tubes. In this last-describedembodiment of the invention the enclosing sleeve or sheath l0 may becemented to the exterior of ,the framework or coil 4 although this isnotnecessary. When the integral structure therewit thereby avoiding thenecessity for applying the stocking to or adjusting it on the tubeduring repeated use thereof.- Furthermore, with this last-mentioned formof. construction the enclosing sleeve I0 does not extend beyond the endsof the framework, as is necessary with an unattached covering, sothaloose overhanging terminal portions of the sleeve will not catch theyarn or interfere with its unwinding. I

Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate a cop-tube of the present type including apaper sleeve l l extending through the coil framework 4. The'coil 4, asin the previously-described embodiments of the infiber treated with aresin,plastic or the like, and preferably the paper tube II is cementedto the interior of the coil. In order to render the wall of the cop-tubepervious to the flow of liquids or gases I may use what as "Dexter"paper, a wet-strength vegetable fiber tissue which has recentlycome intouse for teaconsiderable wetstrength and is resistant to immersion inacid and alkaline liquids so'that it meets requirements for use in acop-tube Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate the use of a similar paper sleeve orcovering II on the outside of the helical framework [and in this form ofconstruction cementing of the sleeve to the skeleton support orframework is not essential, although preferred. It is to be noted thatthe paper or fiber tissue of the type described becomes extremelyflexible when wet and consequently the contraction or compression of thehelical coil or inner framework 4 will cause the paper sleeve II tocontract in accordion-fashion when the dyeoops or packages arecompressed in the dyeing chamber.

It has been stated herein that textile material such as cotton rovingmay be used for constructing the helical coil or ribbed framework of thetube and also for the longitudinal strands underlying or overlying thederstood, however. that other types of organic fibrous material may beemployed for the purpose, for example, strips of resilient wood, such asbamboo or rattan, impregnated and coated with a resin or plastic ofsuitable type. Likewise, in place of cotton roving. strands of mforapplication to dye baths and other fluid treatment.

and impregnated and coated stocking or sheath .ID is cemented to theframework 4 it forms an be composed of any suitable organic is known inthe'tradethetic fibers may be employed and I have also found that cottonsliver in a relatively fiat attenuated strip may be drawn through a bathof liquid plastic and condensed into a constricted cross-sectional areawith the filaments compacted to greater density to give the requiredstrength and resiliency to the strand used for the coil. Other materialsof organic or similar fiber may also be used for the helical andlongitudinal strands of the tube within the scope and purview of thepresent invention; and any impregnating and coating material having thecharacteristics specified herein may be ening, bonding and strengtheningagent.

While being relatively strong and stable in its construction, theimproved cop-tube is adapted for longitudinal contraction for supportingpackages stacked in multiple and compressed axially on a stndpipe orskewer in the dyeing kier or other vessel. Such a form of tube alsopossesses a high degree of porosity to provide for forcing thedye-liquor or other fluid through its wall and intothe yarnmasssupported thereon.

It will be observed from the foregoing specification that my inventionprovides an improved coptube or carrier for supporting packages ofthread, yarn and the like for submission to dyeing and other'wetprocesses in substitution for similar tubes having relatively heavymetal frameworks. The present improved cop-tube is of light weightwhereof to reduce the cost of transportation either in the dye-house orduring trans-shipment of the packages wound thereon, yet it has thenecessary characteristics such as strength and resistance to collapseand axial distortion to render it durable for repeated use over longperiods of time. Moreover, the impregnation and coating of thefibrousmateriai in its it unaffected by acid or alkaline treatment inits scribed as a cop-tube embodied in several dif-' ferent forms, it isto be understood that further modifications may be made in its structureand in the materials employed work 'and'its tubular wall. Moreover, myimproved tubular article may be applied to other uses besides thatherein specified within the scope and purview of the invention.Therefore, without limiting myself to the exact form and construction ofthe article and its particular appliboth for its framecation to use asherein disclosed, I claim:

1. A cop-tube for dyeing and similar purposes comprising a skeletonframework constructed from a strip of fiber impregnated and coated witha plastic and having longitudinal strands of fiber cemented to theframework.

2. A iongitudinally-contractible cop-tube comprising a helically-coiledstrand of organic fiber framework. It is to be unf of fibrous materialbonded'togetherat their intreated with a plastic and a series oflongitudinal I strands of organic fiber supported thereon inspaced-apart relation circumferentially'thereof.

3. In a cop-tube or yam-support, a helical framework constructed of astrand of textile fiber impregnated and coated with a plastic andcompressed to together, and a plurality of strandsof organic fiberextending longitudinally of the framework and cemented thereto at thecrossing points.

4. An article of the type indicated comprising a tubular skeleton,framework of crossing strips tersections and impregnated with a plasticto reentorce the structure.

5. A cop-tube for dyeing and employed for the stiflamalgamate and bondthe filaments 4' l i assacse comprising a skeleton framework constructedfrom a strip of fibrous material extending helically and impregnatedwith a plastic with a series of strands of flexible material crossingthe helical strip and bonded thereto at the intersections.

' 6. A cop-tube for dyeing and similar purposes comprising a skeletonframework constructed Erom' a; strip of organic material impregnatedwith a plastic and having crossing strands of

